For many of us wondering how to increase vocabulary, finding that exact strategy can be difficult. That is because when developing one’s vocabulary, it is important that a combination of learning techniques be used.
Some strategies suggested by the Californian Department of Education (2007) for increasing vocabulary include:
- The Dictionary. Although obviously useful, it is recommended that the dictionary not be used as a stand-alone method for developing one’s vocabulary. Words need to be learnt within the context that they are used. Learners need to hear the words and have the opportunity to reply to the use of the word. Reference materials must be used in combination with other vocabulary building methods.
When using a dictionary, the art is to know the source of the word (Greever and Bachelor, The Century Vocabulary Builder,1922). Words that are modern and native are easier to look up than words that originate from old and foreign languages. You must initially find the word’s origin (Greever and Bachelor, 1922).
- Signal words are useful when wondering how to increase vocabulary. These are words such as ‘therefore’ and ‘despite’. They signal to the learner that the word is connected with other words or sentences. It offers a background in which the learner can position the word and assist in comprehension.
- Colloquial sayings, such as ‘no worries’ or ‘you’ve got it in one’. It is extremely important that learners understand colloquial sayings. Without this knowledge, additional information in a sentence or paragraph may not make sense.
- Homophones and Homographs. These words confuse those who are working on how to increase vocabulary. Homophones are said the same but their definitions and pronunciations differ (e.g. bear and bare). Homographs are words that are spelt and sound the same. They do, however, differ in their meanings (e.g. bow).
- Word Journals. As a learning tool, word journals are extremely beneficial. You can document words, definitions, synonyms, and antonyms, and the word used in a sentence. Once you’ve mastered the word, you can record it in the journal.
Two additional techniques for how to increase vocabulary also include: active engagement and deep processing (Read Naturally, 2008). Active engagement is essentially active learning. Active learning involves learning through doing (Fink, 1999). It involves higher-order thinking, such as analysis and evaluation (Bonwell & Eison 2003). Writing the production of information; brainstorming that involves analysis; games; and case study examination is also active learning and can greatly contribute to vocabulary development (UC Davis, 2003).
Deep processing is when learners acquire knowledge that sits within their long-term memory. It involves learning vocabulary in context. Rather than just learning a word based upon its definition, the learner fully understands the word and it’s more likely to be remembered long-term (Read Naturally, 2008).
One such method for how to increase vocabulary is Ultimate Vocabulary. By implementing seven learning strategies, the software maximizes learning and retention. Comprising 142,647 words, fifty power usage examples, word visualizations, derivations, encyclopaedia vocabulary, images, and translations, the software enhances vocabulary learning. Fun, interactive exercises are also used to enhance learning (such as customizable flash cards, synonym and antonym memory, and word recall).
When wondering how to develop vocabulary, you can’t go past tried and proven methods. Particularly when used in combination, these strategies produce outstanding results. Software products use many different techniques within their products to maximise rapid learning and long-term memory retention.
References
Bonwell, CC & Eison, JA 2003, Active Learning: Creating Excitement in the Classroom.
California Department of Education 2007, Research Digest No. 7 – Evidence-based Reading Instruction.
Fink, L.D., (1999) Active Learning.
Greever, G & Bachelor, JM, 1922, The Century Vocabulary Builder, The Century Co., New York.
McCaffery, J. Merrifield, J. and Millican, J. 2007, Developing Adult Literacy: Approaches to Planning, Implementing and Delivering Literacy Initiatives.
Read Naturally, Inc. 2008, Take Aim! at Vocabulary: Research and Rationale.
UC Davis 2003, Active Learning.